Code Level 5 Homes in Swindon - Phase 1

Principal Investigator(s): Professor Rajat Gupta

Project start: January 2011

Project finish: August 2011

About us

Category: Post completion and early occupation building performance evaluation.

Objective: Closing the gap between design aspiration and as-built performance in a Code level 5 housing development in the UK.

The study aimed to broaden our understanding on the energy performance of low-carbon homes and close the feedback loop between design aspiration and post-construction performance.

The study focused on three basic objectives:

Capture the ‘as build’ performance of the building envelope and installed equipment and compare it to the ‘as designed’ one.
Evaluate the success of the handover process providing a learning legacy for future projects.
Map the reaction of the occupants as they first settle in their new houses (amenity, comfort levels, understanding of the new systems).

Terraced houses involved in the study

Part of

Related courses

Sustainable Architecture: Evaluation and Design (MSc / PGDip)

Leadership

Professor Rajat Gupta

rgupta@brookes.ac.uk

Professor of Sustainable Architecture and Climate Change, Director of OISD and LCB Group

View profile

Process

To identify any deviation from the design intent and map the initial occupants’ reactions, the BPE study was organised in two key stages covering the design and construction phase as well as the post-construction and early occupancy phase of the new homes.

During the design phase, a detailed design and construction audit took place including a SAP calculation review, drawings and specifications review, semi-structured interviews with the design team, walkthroughs with the client and developer, observation and review of control interfaces.
The post-construction and early occupation phase consisted of a whole house fabric test (co-heating, air-permeability, In-situ U-value, thermographic survey), a review of the commissioning processes, observation of the handover process and occupancy evaluation using BUS questionnaires, walkthroughs and interviews with the occupants.

Construction of the Swindon Homes project

Outcomes

The difference between design aspiration and as-built performance was highlighted by most of the study elements and the findings were found to be correlated to each other and passed through the different construction phases. The main findings were mostly related to the difficulty of the contractors to engage with new materials and technologies, complications in the communication between the different project parties, lack of proper system commissioning and inadequacy of the induction process.

It is vital that these evidence-based lessons on the as built performance of new low carbon housing are taken on board on an iterative basis and embedded into knowledge management systems of councils, developers, house builders, designers and equipment suppliers.

Publications

Gupta, R., Kapsali, M and Howard, A. (2018) Evaluating the influence of building fabric, services and occupant related factors on the actual performance of low energy social housing dwellings in UK, Energy and Buildings, 174, 548-562
Kapsali, M, and Gupta, R (2015) Low-zero energy social housing in UK a case of under-performance or unintended consequences, Peer-reviewed paper, European Council for an Energy Efficient Economy (ECEEE) 2015 Summer study proceedings, Côte d'Azur, France, 1-6 June, 2015. Pages 1033-1046
Gupta, R, and Cherian, R, (2013) Tackling the performance gap between design intent and actual outcomes of new low/zero carbon housing, Peer-reviewed paper, European Council for an Energy Efficient Economy (ECEEE) 2013 Summer study proceedings, Côte d'Azur, France, 3-7 June, 2013. Pages 1315-1328.