Mr Will Roberts
Visiting Researcher
School of Sport, Nutrition and Allied Health Professions
Role
Will Roberts is a Senior Lecturer in Sport Development and Coaching at the University of Waikato, New Zealand and is a visiting researcher in the School of Sport, Nutrition and Allied Health Professions. His research in pedagogy and coach development has seen him consult with organisations such as the Premier League, various football academies and national organisations such as Sport England and UK Coaching.
Will is also co-creator of the Boing project with colleagues from Oxford Brookes University. Much of this work was submitted as part of the REF 2021 impact case study at the University of Gloucestershire, establishing his work as a multi-disciplinarian in sport coaching and physical education research.
Research
Publications
Journal articles
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Garner Paul, Turnnidge Jennifer, Roberts Will, Côté Jean, 'How Coach Educators Deliver Formal Coach Education: A Full Range Leadership Perspective'
International Sport Coaching Journal 8 (2021)
ISSN: 2328-918X eISSN: 2328-9198Published here -
Keegan RJ, Barnett LM, Dudley DA, Telford RD, Lubans DR, Bryant AS, Roberts WM, Morgan PJ, Schranz NK, Weissensteiner JR, Vella SA, Salmon J, Ziviani J, Okely AD, Wainwright N, Evans JR, 'Defining Physical Literacy for Application in Australia: A Modified Delphi Method'
Journal of Teaching in Physical Education 38 (2) (2019) pp.105-118
ISSN: 0273-5024Published here -
Barnett LM, Dudley DA, Telford RD, Lubans DR, Bryant AS, Roberts WM, 'Guidelines for the Selection of Physical Literacy Measures in Physical Education in Australia'
Journal of Teaching in Physical Education 38 (2) (2019) pp.119-125
ISSN: 0273-5024Published here -
Newcombe DJ, Roberts WM, 'The effectiveness of constraint-led training on skill development in interceptive sports: A systematic review (Clark, McEwan and Christie) – A Commentary'
International journal of Sports Science & Coaching 14 (2) (2019) pp.241-254
ISSN: 1747-9541Published here -
Morgan H, Parker A, Roberts WM, 'Community Sport Programmes and Social Inclusion: What Role for Positive Psychological Capital?'
Sport in Society 22 (6) (2019) pp.1100-1114
ISSN: 1743-0437Published here -
Renshaw I, Davids K, Araujo D, Lucas A, Roberts WM, Newcombe DJ, Franks B, 'Evaluating Weaknesses of “Cognitive-Perceptual Training” and “Brain Training” Methods in Sport: An Ecological Dynamics Critique'
Frontiers in Psychology 9 (2019)
ISSN: 1664-1078Published here -
Robert WM, 'Application of a Constraints-Led approach to Pedagogy in Schools: Embarking on a journey to nurture Physical Literacy in Primary Physical Education'
Physical Education and Sport Pedagogy 24 (2) (2019) pp.162-175
ISSN: 1740-8989 eISSN: 1742-5786Published here -
Barnett L, Dudley D, Telford R, Lubans D, Bryant A, Roberts WM, Morgan P, Schranz N, Weissensteiner J, Vella S, Salmon J, Ziviani J, Okely A, Wainwright N, Roberts J, Keegan R, 'Paper 5: How can we assess physical literacy?'
Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport 21 (2018) pp.s57-s58
ISSN: 1440-2440 eISSN: 1878-1861Published here -
Green NR, Roberts WM, Sheehan, D, Keegan RJ, 'Charting physical literacy journeys within physical education settings'
Journal of Teaching in Physical Education 37 (3) (2018) pp.272-279
ISSN: 0273-5024AbstractPhysical literacy is creating significant interest worldwide due to its holistic nature and the potential it has to impact on people’s lives. It is underpinning many physical education programs, coaching strategies, health initiatives, and policymakers’ decisions. However, the complex philosophical and holistic nature of the concept has meant that methods used to chart/assess/measure progress have been very much dependent on the pedagogues interpretation of the concept. This paper will provide a review of current practices and issues related to charting/assessing/measuring progress of an individual’s journey. It will go on to highlight considerations that, we suggest, should be made by any organization developing methods to chart/assess/measure progress.Published here Open Access on RADAR -
Roberts WM, Longhurst S, Franks B, Taylor N, Bush AJ, 'Chaordic learning systems: reconceptualising pedagogy for the digital age'
Higher Education Journal of Learning and Teaching 1 (1) (2017)
ISSN: 2515-4400 eISSN: 2515-4400AbstractThis article focuses on an explorative and experimental project seeking to implement Chaordic Learning Systems (CLS) as a pedagogic approach in Higher Education. We outline a project that embraced technologies of Web 2.0 to show how both physical and virtual spaces can be used to support and develop a strong and dynamic learning community in which staff and students work alongside each other to co-produce learning resources. Drawing on theories of Communities of Practice and Situated Learning a new teaching framework was introduced to a Level 5 undergraduate module (7.5 ECTS credits) that had not, until this project, used both face-to-face and online learning tools to engage students in the critical and discursive debates pertaining to sport and physical culture. We undertook this project with the belief that Higher Education should be concerned with answering the calls of an increasingly digital society for whom learning is not restricted by the physical boundaries of the university or the political landscape within which learning finds itself.
Books
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, Nonlinear Pedagogy and the Athletic Skills Model: The Importance of Play in Supporting Physical Literacy, Routledge (2021)
ISBN: 9780367457945 eISBN: 9781003025375AbstractPublished hereThis book offers an ecological conceptualisation of physical literacy. Re-embracing our ancestry as hunter gatherers we gain a new appreciation and understanding of the importance of play, not only in terms of how children learn, but also in showing us as educators how we can lay the foundations for lifelong physical activity. The concept of physical literacy has been recognised and understood throughout history by different communities across the globe. Today, as governments grapple with the multiple challenges of urban life in the 21st century, we can learn from our forebears how to put play at the centre of children’s learning in order to build a more enduring physically active society.
This book examines contemporary pedagogical approaches, such as constraints-led teaching, nonlinear pedagogy and the athletic skills model, which are underpinned by the theoretical framework of Ecological Dynamics. It is suggested that through careful design, these models, aimed at children, as well as young athletes, can (i) encourage play and facilitate physical activity and motor learning in children of different ages, providing them with the foundational skills needed for leading active lives; and (ii), develop young athletes in elite sports programmes in an ethical, enriching and supportive manner.
Through this text, scientists, academics and practitioners in the sub-disciplines of motor learning and motor development, physical education, sports pedagogy and physical activity and exercise domains will better understand how to design programmes that encourage play and thereby develop the movement skills, self-regulating capacities, motivation and proficiency of people, so that they can move skilfully, effectively and efficiently while negotiating changes throughout the human lifespan. -- Provided by publisher.
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Renshaw I, Davids K, Newcombe D, Roberts W, The constraints-led approach: Principles for sports coaching and practice design, Routledge (2019)
ISBN: 9781138104068 eISBN: 9781315102351AbstractPublished hereFor the last 25 years, a constraints-based framework has helped to inform the way that many sport scientists seek to understand performance, learning design and the development of expertise and talent in sport. The Constraints-Led Approach: Principles for Sports Coaching and Practice Design provides students and practitioners with the theoretical knowledge required to implement constraints-led approaches in their work.
Seeking to bridge the divide between theory and practice, the book sets out an ‘environment design framework’, including practical tools and guidance for the application of the framework in coaching and skill acquisition settings. It includes chapters on constraints-led approaches in golf, athletics and hockey, and provides applied reading for undergraduate and postgraduate students of motor learning, skill acquisition and developing sport expertise.
Providing a thorough grounding in the theory behind constraints-led approaches to skill acquisition, and a foundational cornerstone in the Routledge Studies in Constraints-Based Methodologies in Sport series, this is a vital pedagogical resource for students and practising sports coaches, physical education teachers and sport scientists alike. -- Provided by publisher.
Book chapters
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Roberts W, Newcombe D, Longhurst S, Franks B, Cutter K, 'Boing and Physical Literacy: A Play Based Movement Programme for Community, School and Sport' in Rudd J, Renshaw I, Savelsbergh G, Chow JY, Roberts W, Newcombe D, Davids K (ed.), Nonlinear Pedagogy and the Athletic Skills Model, Routledge (2021)
ISBN: 9780367457945 eISBN: 9781003025375AbstractPublished here Open Access on RADARThis case study offers an overview of a research project currently being undertaken by academics based at the University of Gloucestershire and Oxford Brookes University (United Kingdom). Our aim is to support practitioners to create playful, active and inclusive environments that support the development of physical literacy in community, school and sport settings. Our focus is twofold: firstly, to provide meaningful developmental experiences for practitioners to support the delivery of play-based, problem-based environments for young people, and secondly, through those practitioner, support children to develop their physical literacy through active play. The underpinning work is based on the theoretical constructs of an ecological dynamics framework and grounded on the premise that problem setting and solving is key to young people's development.
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Bush AJ, Roberts WM, 'Coaching knowledge and learning to coach' in Bush A, Brierley J, Carr S, Gledhill A, Mackay N, Manley A, Morgan H, Roberts W, Willsmer N (ed.), Foundations in Sports Coaching, Pearson (2012)
ISBN: 9780435046842AbstractChapter 3 -
Roberts WM, 'Coaching special populations' in Foundations in Sports Coaching, Pearson (2012)
ISBN: 9780435046842AbstractChapter 9 -
Roberts WM, 'The coaching process' in Foundations in Sports Coaching, Pearson (2012)
ISBN: 9780435046842Published here
Other publications
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Young R, Morgan H, Bush A, Tincknell-Smith A, Roberts W, Campbell N, 'Athlete Inspire Programme: Monitoring and Evaluation Final Report: Report prepared for UK Sport and Sport England', (2020)
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Franks B, Newcombe D, Roberts WM, Jakeman J, 'Shhh… We're talking about the Quiet Eye! A Perceptual Approach to the Transfer of Skill: Quiet Eye as an Insight into Perception-Action Coupling in Elite Football', (2017)
AbstractAmidst the continued theorising and objective epistemological approach to perceptual researchPublished here
(Michaels and Beek, 1995), there remains little clarity regarding what information athletes use to
direct decision making in performance settings and how skill is transferred from training to performance. The role of perception-action coupling within decision-making in team sports has been discussed at great length (Vaeyens et al, 2007; Pinder et al, 2011). With scholars reaching some consensus that skilled performers are not blessed with superior visual ability, rather, their ability to locate and interpret key specifying information is what determines expertise in a particular skill (Vickers, 2006). The methodological accord has often been to recreate core, single action motor-control tasks in the hope of elucidating data to suggest a change in behaviour in any given number of constraint manipulations (Vickers, 1996; Williams, Singer and Frehlich, 2002; Vine and Wilson, 2011). However, research remains in isolation of the complexities of the real world (Vaeyens, 2007; Williams and Grant, 1999). The Quiet Eye (QE) has become increasingly popular (Vickers, 2016), it details the final fixation towards a specific location or object within 3* of visual angle or less for a minimum of 100m/s (Vickers, 2016). It is reasonable to suggest that QE describes the variable in which to examine the relationship between perception and action (Vickers, 1996; Panchuk and Vickers, 2006). A SensoMotoric Instrument – Eye Tracking Glasses (SMI-ETG) binocular system will be employed within an elite level goalkeeping context. QE data will be collected in three different practice environments and compared to QE measures taken in a representative performance simulation. The practice environment design will be informed by principles of ecological dynamics as presented in the Environment Design Framework (Newcombe et al, in press). The data will be coded to establish the relationship between increased variability and the location, onset and off set of the Quiet Eye. Effect size measures will be conducted to see the variance between the 3 training trials and the representative simulation to determine the level of fidelity, between training and performance. This key data set will allow coaches to design practices and training environments in accordance with key perceptual cues used by Goalkeepers to inform their decisions and actions. -
Roberts WM, 'A Youth at Risk: Ethnography, Digital Wearable Technology and Citizenry in London', (2016)
AbstractThis presentation locates sport coaching as a space within which 'hard to reach' young people are (re) engaged in society and using an ethnographic methodology that embraces digital wearable technology as a research tool, I seek to understand the way in which social corporate responsibility replaces government responsibility and the type of citizen this produces. Having established that coaching fulfils multiple roles and realities (Lyle, 2002; Jones, 2006; Cregan et al., 2007; Bush and Silk, 2010; Roberts et al., in press) it is important to ask more critical questions pertaining to how coaching is used as opposed to what it is or does. Physical Cultural Studies (PCS) (Andrews, 2008) offers an insight into the promise or inconvenient truth of kinesiology (sport coaching in this instance); whilst Bush and Silk (2010) offer the Physical Pedagogic Bricolage (PPB) as a more appropriate and useful nomenclature and critique of what it is that sport coaching does, is, and ought to be. If we embrace PPB then we can challenge the need to prove what it is that coaching is, and instead examine at this conjunctural (Grossberg, 2006) moment the more pertinent and contextual question of ‘how it is that we seek to use coaching?’ The research raises critical questions about the use of sport coaching in 'sport for development' projects, and the governance of sport and young people more wholly; importantly, though, it questions the notion of governmentality (Foucault, 1978; Rose, 2000) exerted by those tasked with engaging the 'hard to reach' (Crabbe, 2007). -
Roberts WM, 'Engaging hard to reach young people through sport', (2016)
Published here -
Roberts WM, Taylor N, 'Re-thinking Learning Communities: Using Google+ to invigorate the curriculum and engage learners', (2016)
AbstractThis paper details an explorative and experimental project based in the Faculty of Health and Life Sciences at Oxford Brookes University. It is an example of how a virtual space can be used to support and develop a strong and dynamic learning community in which staff and students work alongside to co-produce learning resources to enhance campus-based learning activities. It is likely to be of interest to colleagues who have experienced difficulties with student engagement in virtual learning environments, and those who are interested in developing more dynamic lecture programmes. -
Roberts WM, Taylor N, Longhurst S, Franks B, 'Towards chaordic learning: Innovative pedagogy for the digital age', (2016)
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Roberts WM, Longhurst S, 'Innovative Pedagogies for The Digital Age: Extending Higher Education Beyond the Walls of The University.', (2014)
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Roberts WM, Abrahams M, Longhurst S, 'Tackling youth unemployment through sport', (2014)
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Roberts WM, 'I Predict a Riot: Governance of Citizens through the Politics of Crime and Sport', (2013)
AbstractWithin this paper I seek to explore notions of governance of citizenry through the politics of crime and sport. Sport is often presented as a panacea to combat a range of risks to advancing liberal democracies such as ill-health, lack of education and attainment, morality, drug (mis)use and crime. The seemingly redeeming and transformative powers of sport have manifested in the emergence of a plethora of policy initiatives designed to combat the social problems aforementioned. Much has been espoused about the power of sport and this has been accepted, largely anecdotally, as we have witnessed a number of policy shifts focussing on ‘elite’, ‘competitive’, ‘healthy’, ‘inclusive’ and ‘educational’ elements of sport and physical activity. In order to offer insight into the experiences of such sporting interventions aimed at tackling these social problems, this paper explores narrative experiences of the ‘Street Elite’ project which provides the context to offer critical commentary regarding policy, governance and the conforming citizen. This paper will attempt to explore the complexity of governance and control through the eyes of those involved in programmes that are deemed transformative in nature. It will consider the ways in which regimes of control are derived, implemented and received whilst challenging the accepted notion that sport is a vehicle for positive change that can significantly impact upon those ‘disengaged’ young people. Considering arguments aligned to governmentality and control; this paper will seek to argue that sports initiatives aimed at tackling crime, health and educational issues are instead arresting the concern with government of moral order by producing the conforming citizen. -
Roberts WM, 'Voices from the margins: A narrative exploration of the multiple realities of coaching', (2011)
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Roberts WM, 'Becoming a coach: Constructing knowledge through the formal, nonformal and informal', (2010)